Since personal computer in homes become common from the year 1980, digital narratives had a great evolved. From the online journal "Narrative and Digital Media" written by Scott Rettberg and Jill Walker Rettberg, it studies the origins and theories of digital narrative.
In the early 60's century, a command line interface is used in early computers and this is the beginning of digital narrative. It was initially started with text-based adventure games which contains the element of narrative and literary. Then, hypertext is introduced. Vannevar Bush had proposed the idea of "trails" connecting different types of knowledge in a "memex" in 1945 , but Ted Nelson is the one who invented the term hypertext.
Ted Nelson describe "Hypertext" as it means forms of writing which branch or perform on request; they are best presented on computer screens (Nelson 19).
In the 1990s, theorists include George Landow and Jay David Bolter wrote a book Writing Space about the transition from print to screen in various contexts which is the process of words to hypertext. In the online journal, it also stated that Landow writes about hypertext being writerly text in Barthes' sense. Writerly text means the reader is in a position of primary role to define the meaning. He argues that the reader participation makes it almost become the co-author.
Relating to these arguments, hypertext is the start of the interactivity in narrative. It introduce a story can be more immersive by adding in more element into it. Narrative in the oral and print age only have one-sided communication which is just the user reading the story. Narrative has already been a universal human appealing element throughout a whole variety of media such as drama, literature, magazine, etc etc. As the digital age emerge, narrative structure has been altered with more options and has become something that is entirely different from what it has been in the traditional narrative.
Digital narrative has taken many form as the technology has become so advance, one of it is hypercomic. It works like the hypertext which has visual graphical user interface and uses a mouse to click on links and to interact. I will study Landow's argument and theory that describes literature in metaphors which is applied in digital narratives.
References:
In the early 60's century, a command line interface is used in early computers and this is the beginning of digital narrative. It was initially started with text-based adventure games which contains the element of narrative and literary. Then, hypertext is introduced. Vannevar Bush had proposed the idea of "trails" connecting different types of knowledge in a "memex" in 1945 , but Ted Nelson is the one who invented the term hypertext.
Ted Nelson describe "Hypertext" as it means forms of writing which branch or perform on request; they are best presented on computer screens (Nelson 19).
In the 1990s, theorists include George Landow and Jay David Bolter wrote a book Writing Space about the transition from print to screen in various contexts which is the process of words to hypertext. In the online journal, it also stated that Landow writes about hypertext being writerly text in Barthes' sense. Writerly text means the reader is in a position of primary role to define the meaning. He argues that the reader participation makes it almost become the co-author.
Relating to these arguments, hypertext is the start of the interactivity in narrative. It introduce a story can be more immersive by adding in more element into it. Narrative in the oral and print age only have one-sided communication which is just the user reading the story. Narrative has already been a universal human appealing element throughout a whole variety of media such as drama, literature, magazine, etc etc. As the digital age emerge, narrative structure has been altered with more options and has become something that is entirely different from what it has been in the traditional narrative.
Digital narrative has taken many form as the technology has become so advance, one of it is hypercomic. It works like the hypertext which has visual graphical user interface and uses a mouse to click on links and to interact. I will study Landow's argument and theory that describes literature in metaphors which is applied in digital narratives.
References:
Archive.wired.com, (2014). Ted Nelson. [online] Available at: http://archive.wired.com/wired/archive/people/ted_nelson/ [Accessed 11 Nov. 2014].
Arts.uwaterloo.ca, (2014). Barthes and Text :: Readerly and Writerly Texts. [online] Available at: http://www.arts.uwaterloo.ca/~raha/700_701_web/BarthesLO/readerly.html [Accessed 12 Nov. 2014].
Rettberg, S. and Rettberg, J. (2014). Narrative and Digital Media. [online] Academia.edu. Available at: http://www.academia.edu/2182804/Narrative_and_Digital_Media [Accessed 14 Nov. 2014].
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